摘要 : Drawing on social comparison theory, this study examines the influence of supervisor dispositional envy and episodic envy of a subordinate on abusive supervision . Integrating the power depdence theory, we further argue that the supervisor's power dependence at the dyadic level on the surbodinate influence envy and abusive supervision. Furthermore, we posit that the supervisor's narcissism and neuroticism at the supervisor level influenc envy and abusive supervision. Two dyadic-designed studies are developed, collecting data from supervisor-surbodinates dyads in the Chinese hotel industry. Study 1 primarily examines the effect of dispositional envy on episodic envy and abusive supervision, while also exploring the moderating role of power dependence. Study 2 replicates the relationships between two forms of envy and abusive supervision. The moderating effects of the supervisor's narcissism and neuroticism were also examined in Study 2. The findings provide a new perspective on the antecedents of abusive supervision through the lens of envy.

摘要 : Previous studies have widely demonstrated that individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit deficits in conflict control tasks. However, there is limited evidence regarding the performance of children with ADHD in cross-modal conflict processing tasks. The current study aimed to investigate whether children with ADHD have poor conflict control, which has an impact on sensory dominance effects at different levels of information processing under the influence of visual similarity. A total of 82 children aged 7 to 14 years, including 41 children with ADHD and 41 age- and sex-matched typically developing (TD) children, were recruited. We used the 2:1 mapping paradigm to separate levels of conflict, and the congruency of the audiovisual stimuli was divided into three conditions. In C trials, the target stimulus and the distractor stimulus were identical, and the bimodal stimuli corresponded to the same response keys. In PRIC trials, the distractor stimulus differed from the target stimulus and did not correspond to any response keys. In RIC trials, the distractor stimulus differed from the target stimulus, and the bimodal stimuli corresponded to different response keys. Therefore, we explicitly differentiated cross-modal conflict into a preresponse level (PRIC > C), corresponding to the encoding process, and a response level (RIC > PRIC), corresponding to the response selection process. Our results suggested that auditory distractors caused more interference during visual processing than visual distractors caused during auditory processing (i.e., typical auditory dominance) at the preresponse level regardless of group. However, visual dominance effects were observed in the ADHD group, whereas no visual dominance effects were observed in the TD group at the response level. A possible explanation is that the increased interference effects due to visual similarity and children with ADHD made it more difficult to control conflict when simultaneously confronted with incongruent visual and auditory inputs. The current study highlights how children with ADHD process cross-modal conflicts at multiple levels of information processing, thereby shedding light on the mechanisms underlying ADHD.

摘要 : Attentional control theory suggests that test anxiety hinders individuals' attentional control, aiding our understanding of how test anxiety may impair cognitive function. However, various methods used to assess attentional control have yielded inconsistent findings. Moreover, past studies, especially on adolescents, that examine the distinct impacts of worry and the emotional components of test anxiety on individuals' attentional control capacity are scarce. This study, using self-report, behavioral, and resting-state EEG measures, explores how worry and emotionality, impact attentional control in adolescents. It enhances our understanding of the link between test anxiety and cognitive function. Referring to the effect size from prior studies, a total of 42 adolescents took part in the study. We used the Test Anxiety Inventory, due to it can assess worry and emotionality components. We employed three widely-utilized measures of attentional control: the Attentional Control Scale (ACS), the Go/Nogo task, and resting-state electroencephalography measures (alpha oscillation and the theta/beta power ratio). Both worry and emotionality components were significantly and negatively correlated with the ACS scores. Unlike worry, emotionality demonstrated a significant positive correlation with response times for the Go trials and alpha power in the parietal cortex. These results suggest that, emotionality, but not worry, is highly correlated with attentional control deficits in adolescents. This study underscores the significance of distinguishing between the components of test anxiety, which aids in comprehending the negative impacts of test anxiety on adolescents' academic performance.

摘要 : Many opportunities are available to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with municipal wastewater management. The vision of low-carbon or carbon-neutral operation of wastewater treatment plants is emerging. Is the vision of low-carbon wastewater management consistent with improving environmental performances? Here, we explored this question using wastewater management life cycle assessment studies that had scenarios with GHG emissions reduction through alternative wastewater treatment options, sludge treatment options, and resource recovery options. Among these options that contribute to GHG emissions reduction, integrating resource recovery (i.e., water, biogas, phosphorus) appears to have greater chances of co-benefits (especially on acidification, eutrophication, and photochemical oxidant formation). In contrast, shifting sludge disposal practices require more attention to their potential trade-offs (especially on eutrophication and toxicity). It is evident that achieving GHG emissions reduction oftentimes involves compromising on other environmental performances. While more GHG emissions reduction and environmental co-benefits can be seen in most of the scenarios and impact categories (over 75% combining), achieving GHG emissions reduction can still lead to deteriorating of at least one of the environmental impact categories in over half of all the scenarios. Instead of exclusively focusing only on GHG emissions mitigation, abatement strategies from municipal wastewater management systems should also consider harnessing environmental co-benefits and alleviating unintended environmental trade-offs. Identifying the potential contributing factors behind environmental trade-offs can also represent opportunities for optimizing the design and operation of these GHG emissions reduction options. Into the future, wastewater management needs to adopt a broader systems perspective considering the wider system boundary and environmental scope.

摘要 : The 2023 SDGs report underscores the prolonged disruption of COVID-19 on community living spaces, infrastructure, education, and income equality, exacerbating social and spatial inequality. Against the backdrop of the dual impact of significant events and the emergence of digital technologies, a coherent research trajectory is essential for characterizing social–spatial equity and understanding its influential factors within the urban planning discipline. While prior research emphasized spatial dimensions and mitigated spatial differentiation to ensure urban equity, the complexity of these interconnections necessitates a more comprehensive approach. This study adopts a holistic perspective, focusing on the "social–spatial" dynamics, utilizing social perception (sentiment maps) and spatial differentiation (housing prices index) pre- and post-pandemic to elucidate the interconnected and interactive nature of uneven development at the urban scale. It employs a multi-dimensional methodological framework integrating morphology analysis of housing conditions, GIS analysis of urban amenities, sentiment semantic analysis of public opinion, and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) analysis of correlation influential factors. Using Suzhou, China, as a pilot study, this research demonstrates how these integrated methods complement each other, exploring how community conditions and resource distribution collectively bolster resilience, thereby maintaining social–spatial equity amidst pandemic disruptions. The findings reveal that uneven resource distribution exacerbates post-pandemic social stratification and spatial differentiation. The proximity of well-maintained ecological environments, such as parks or scenic landmarks, generally exhibits consistency and positive effects on "social–spatial" measurement. Simultaneously, various spatial elements influencing housing prices and social perception show geographic heterogeneity, particularly in areas farther from the central regions of Xiangcheng and Wujiang districts. This study uncovers a bilateral mechanism between social perception and spatial differentiation, aiming to delve into the interdependent relationship between social–spatial equity and built environmental factors. Furthermore, it aspires to provide meaningful references and recommendations for urban planning and regeneration policy formulation in the digital era to sustain social–spatial equity.

摘要 : Resilience, as a positive personal trait, has been a topic of hot debate in the field of general education with the booming perspective of positive psychology. The exploration of learner resilience is conducive to understanding how learners grapple with setbacks, positively adapt, and function well in the presence of challenging situations. To date, some attention is paid to the structure of learner resilience, its relationships with other psychological variables, and its impacts on academic achievement. However, research on the overall profile of resilience in the field of foreign language (FL) or second language (L2) from a holistic and systematic perspective is still lacking. Against this backdrop, the current study reviewed and synthesized research evidence on resilience in the FL/L2 learning context. Specifically, 27 high-quality empirical studies published between 2017 and 2023 were selected, and then they were analyzed in terms of substantive characteristics of the literature and research participants, models of resilience, methodological features, and research foci. The results revealed a steady increase in language learner resilience research and displayed the detailed distribution of reviewed articles in publication year and sources as well as participants' educational backgrounds. Moreover, the conceptualization of resilience displayed complex and diverse features, the quantitative approach took a dominant position in the reviewed literature, and resilience models from psychology were widely utilized in language learner resilience research directly or indirectly. Finally, the implications of these findings were discussed for the further development of language learner resilience research.

摘要 : Regarding whether a polycentric urban spatial structure is a sustainable urban development model, various studies use different employment center identification methods, resulting in inconsistent conclusions. This paper takes Hangzhou, Wuhan, and Nanning, three Chinese cities at different stages of development as cases, and adopts various methods to identify employment centers to compares the polycentric spatial structure differences from morphological and functional dimensions, and puts forward a multi-dimensional perspective for analyzing the characteristics of the polycentric spatial structure. The results show that the polycentric model of GL_SC threshold method has the relatively good explanatory power, which can best represent the characteristics of urban development in China. The explanatory power of the polycentric model of the Wuhan commuter flow method (adjusted R-squared value is 0.37) is slightly weaker than that of the GL_SC threshold method (adjusted R-squared value is 0.40), indicating that the agglomeration development forces are equivalent to the decentralized development forces and it is a balanced polycentric development structure. In Hangzhou and Nanning, the GL_SC threshold method (adjusted R-squared values are 0.28 and 0.36, respectively) is stronger than the commuter flow method (adjusted R-squared values are 0.19 and 0.33, respectively), which reflects the strong characteristics of agglomeration polycentric development. However, from the comparison of the number and distribution of employment center identification, the polycentric development characteristics of Hangzhou are stronger than those of Nanning. The comparison of the identification results of the morphological and functional dimensions shows that the two dimensions as a unified evaluation process can more fully reflect the characteristics of an urban polycentric development structure, thereby providing preliminary research support for the study of the impact of polycentric structure on economic development, air pollution, work and residential commuting, etc.

摘要 : The North–South Divide, which historically divided global national development, is now being questioned due to the rise of the Global South represented by China. We analyze the impact of this divide using global connections observed through international visitors to the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region in China. We visualized the global origins of international visitors to the YRD region and their spatial distribution within the region. The cartogram depicts a significant contribution of the Global North to the scale of international visitors in the YRD region, indicating a closer functional connection between mainland China and the Global North. This suggests that the influence of the North–South Divide on mainland China persists. Despite mainland China strengthening South–South Cooperation through the Belt and Road national strategy, the crucial role played by the Global North in China's economic globalization is challenging to reverse in the short term. Additionally, the successful path taken by China may not be universally applicable to all of the Global South.

摘要 : Past studies have shown that spontaneous electroencephalography indicators—namely, the theta/beta power ratio and alpha oscillation—may measure individuals' attentional control processes. However, there is lack of research distinguishing these differences. This study investigated whether the theta/beta power ratio and alpha oscillation were separately related to the objective and subjective criteria of attentional control in eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. The results showed two main findings: (1) In the eyes-open condition, the theta/beta power ratio at the Fz and Pz electrode sites were significantly negatively correlated with the attentional control scale score' the alpha power at the Pz electrode site was significantly negatively correlated with flanker RT interference effect' (2) In the eyes-closed condition, the alpha power at the Cz and Pz electrode sites were significantly positively correlated with flanker P3d. In summary, this study showed that the eyes-open spontaneous theta/beta power ratio may reflect individuals' beliefs in their attentional control ability, and the alpha oscillation may be related to individuals' attentional control ability.

摘要 : To further improve the emission reduction effect on asphalt smoke and mitigate environmental pollution, a novel emission reduction agent (TBD) combined with physical adsorption and chemical degradation was synthesized with tourmaline, biochar, and diatomite . The testing and evaluation method for the emission reduction efficacy of TBD has been established. The optimal preparation method and parameter of TBD were selected based on macroscopic performance and microscopic analysis. The results indicated that TBD had the highest emission reduction rate and most stable storage under the ball milling process. According to XRD, FTIR, SEM, and BET, TBD with the multistage porous structure and spontaneous polarization effect was synthesized by the ball milling parameter of 200r-2 h. The emission reduction efficiency of TBD on the asphalt smoke effect was enhanced by a synergistic interaction of the physical adsorption and chemical degradation. The emission reduction rate was up to 65.84% for 3 h. This laid the foundation for the development and promotion of low-pollution asphalt.