摘要 : Purpose Study on the internal legalization process of strategic change for a large number of ultra-large enterprises in China. Design/methodology/approach This paper takes formulation process of Suning Appliance Group's 10-year strategy (2010–2020) as the research case, designs the research issues, propositions and analysis unit of the case study, and uses the data collection and analysis methods in the grounded theory to realize the theoretical development from data to viewpoint conceptualizing and to proposition categorizing. Findings There are four key concepts that affect the judgment of overall strategic legitimacy of super-large enterprises: Emerging-market opportunities and strategic operational positioning, legitimacy perspective mainly manifests as legitimacy judgment of strategic direction within organization. Positioning of core resources (including intangible resources) and their value identification methods or value evaluation criteria, the legitimacy perspective is mainly reflected in the organization's internal legitimacy judgment of functional planning, especially implementation path. The impact factors of the key performance of each SBU are positioned, and the legitimacy perspective is mainly reflected in the organization's internal judgment on the legitimacy of strategic supporting measures, especially the resources needed for the implementation of the strategy and capacity development. The periodical strategic objectives and performance measurement indicators of each SBU are mainly reflected in the organization's internal legitimacy judgment on strategic alignment and specific action plans for strategic operational units. The legitimacy of these four key concepts is strongly influenced by the rationality of these strategic concepts, which are closely related to their shaping patterns driven by right-brain and left-brain thinking modes. Research limitations/implications This case is a longitudinal study of the strategic decision-making process, not a longitudinal follow-up of the actual implementation of the strategy. In addition, given that the case enterprise was facing the emerging market at that time and focused on pushing firms to seize opportunities, not much research has been done on the impact of external legitimacy on the strategic formulation process, a variable that is increasingly being focused on today. Practical implications This model has guidance significance and practical demonstration role for a large number of enterprises that are implementing the "+Internet" strategic change under traditional offline operation. Social implications According to the summary of the connection between data and propositions in several rounds, this paper constructs a theoretical model of left and right brain thinking mode driving key concepts to achieve the internal legalization process of strategic changes. Originality/value In the analysis process, the legalization theory and the sense-making method are introduced into enterprises' strategy making process. Based on this analysis framework, this paper analyzes in detail that the top decision-making level and the middle and high executive level form key strategic concepts to promote the internal legalization process of strategic decision-making driven by the right-brain intuitive thinking mode and the left-brain rational thinking mode, which greatly improves the quality of strategy formulation and the operability of strategy implementation.

摘要 : Exploiting methane hydrate induces deformation and damage to the reservoir, leading to a series of geotechnical engineering problems. Therefore, to achieve safe and effective extraction of hydrates, it is necessary to research the shear deformation characteristics of methane hydrate-bearing sediments(MHBS). The thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) microscopic contact model was utilized to account for hydrate cementation effects and their sensitivity to environmental temperature and pressure. In addition, the flexible boundary was applied to triaxial numerical tests to ensure the full evolution of shear bands. The microscopic mechanism of onset and development of shear bands was studied by considering macro and micro variables such as strain localization, porosity, average pure rotation rate (APR), bond failure, and spatial distribution of shear band. The results indicate that the flexible boundary used in the triaxial shear test effectively represents the stress-strain and volumetric response of MHBS while ensuring the free deformation of the sample. The shear band has already begun to germinate and to develop during the initial strain hardening stage and becomes more pronounced once it reaches the strain softening stage. Considerable disparities exist in macro- and microscopic parameters, including particle rotation and porosity alterations, both within and outside the shear band. Furthermore, hydrate cementation exerts a dual impact on its host sand. On the one hand, it enhances its strength characteristics, and on the other hand, as a weak link in the shear process, it takes the lead in failure, thus contributing to the emergence of shear bands. The research results have reference value for understanding the mesoscale evolution mechanism of MHBS deformation.

摘要 : N, N′-Bis(3-pyridyl)methanediamine was prepared by treating 3-aminopyridine with formaldehyde in acetonitrile. By treating it with formaldehyde, the eight-membered heterocyclic ring compound 1, 3, 5, 7-tetra(3-pyridyl)-1, 3, 5, 7-tetrazacyclooctane was prepared. This could occur in a two-step manner in a [3+1+3+1] cycloaddition reaction. The compounds were characterized by X-ray crystallography, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The powder XRD pattern of 1, 3, 5, 7-tetra(3-pyridyl)-1, 3, 5, 7-tetrazacyclooctane was also determined and revealed an uncommon twist-crown conformation, which was further confirmed by DFT calculations.

摘要 : Phase-shifting interferometry is a noncontact optical measurement method with high sensitivity. This method is widely used in optical surface and deformation measurements. However, environmental vibrations can have a significant influence on the obtained measurement results, producing fringe jitter and interference pattern ambiguity. To address these issues and improve the stability of phase-shifting interferometry, the anti-vibration technique can be used. In this article, the anti-vibration technology is divided into active and passive categories. Active anti-vibration is used for vibration isolation, that is, weakening the intensity of the vibration signal transmitted to the interference system. Passive anti-vibration is used to eliminate the influence of vibration on interferometry. Several types of passive anti-vibration technologies have been developed so far. In this article, existing passive phase-shifting interference anti-vibration technologies are classified and compared with respect to the frame number and real-time performance. Furthermore, the development direction of phase-shifting interference measurement anti-vibration technology is discussed.

摘要 : Visually induced motion sickness (VIMS) is a common symptom in the process of experiencing virtual reality (VR), which seriously reduces the comfort of users' VR experience and hinders the promotion and development of VR technology. Virtual space distortion is one of the potential factors affecting the comfort level of the VR experience. Incomplete distortion correction of near-eye display equipment will produce virtual space distortion, which may leads to VIMS. Aiming at the influence degree of virtual space distortion on VIMS, this paper simulated the experience process of VR technology, analyzed the distortion mechanism of near-eye display technology represented by VR technology, designed visual perception experiments of VIMS grade evaluation under three different distortion parameters, and carried out detailed subjective and objective data statistical analysis. The results show that virtual space distortion has a significant impact on VIMS symptoms, the greater the degree of distortion of the stereoscopic images viewed by the subjects, the more obvious the symptoms of VIMS. This study can provide a theoretical basis for improving the comfort level of the VR technology experience.

摘要 : Redox transformation is a useful strategy to reduce the toxicity of metal oxysalts and to facilitate their removal from water. The synergy of the oxidation and reduction processes in a single system is of great value for the treatment of wastewater containing multiple pollutants. Here, by taking As(III) and Cr(VI) as modeling pollutants, the synergic effect in redox transformation of coexisting oxyanions was evaluated with a typical advanced oxidation process (AOP)─UV/H2O2, a well-established advanced reduction process (ARP)─UV/sulfite, and a newly developed UV/acetylacetone (AcAc) process. At near-neutral pH and low [AcAc]/[oxyanion] stoichiometric ratios (2.5–10:1), UV/AcAc could effectively fulfill As(III) oxidation and Cr(VI) reduction in a single process without any other treatment. More importantly, the electric energy consumption of UV/AcAc per mole of As(III) and Cr(VI) was only 1/7 of the sum of UV/H2O2 and UV/sulfite. We thus propose that UV/AcAc is an advanced oxidation and reduction process (AORP). Owing to the existence of long-lived radicals and multiple pathways, this AORP process showed an obvious synergic effect in redox transformation and was robust in the complex water matrix.

摘要 : Genetic testing plays an important role in human health management and disease prevention. However, traditional genetic testing methods have been unable to fulfill the current diagnostic needs owing to several limitations, including high cost, complexity, and difficulty in performing. Smartphones have multiple inherent advantages, such as easy portability, ubiquity, fast processing speed, and excellent imaging capabilities, and have enormous potential in realizing rapid on-site genetic testing. The present review documents the research progress of smartphone-based optical imaging biosensors in the fields of colorimetry, fluorescence, and microscopic imaging for genetic testing. Furthermore, the review describes their potential applications in diagnostics, which range from infectious diseases to hereditary diseases and cancers. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of smartphone-based optical imaging biosensors regarding genetic testing are discussed.

摘要 : Scientific research results represent a country's innovation capability. To previous statistics, the scientific research results of Chinese university laboratories are more focused on the basic research stage, while the industrialization and commercialization stages of the results are often broken. In this paper, by using the DEA model to determine the relationship between input and output, decision unit, and efficiency variables, the input-output indexes are selected for the calculation to obtain the comprehensive efficiency, pure technical efficiency, and scale efficiency of the transformation of scientific research results in university laboratories' subsequently, the output slack variables of non-DEA validity decision unit are analyzed differently. The results show a 63.41% difference between the maximum comprehensive efficiency value and the minimum value of the transformation of scientific research results in 30 universities, and the slack variable variance analysis reveals that there is 42.27% input redundancy and 31.87% output deficiency in 30 universities. This paper improves the conversion rate of laboratory scientific research results based on the improvement of input and output indicators from the decision-making level' and proposes the tripartite collaboration model of laboratories governments, and enterprises, which promotes the acceleration of scientific research results into the market and the industrialization of scientific research results.

摘要 : Transition-metal (TM)-based spinel oxides have demonstrated excellent efficacy in Fenton-like reactions, but the key mechanism behind peroxymonosulfate (PMS) adsorption, decomposition, and pollutant degradation is still unclear. Here, a crucial role of eg orbital occupancy in manipulating the interaction between PMS and Zn–Co–Mn ternary spinel catalysts and the resulting pollutant degradation is first discovered. The introduction of Co into the ZnMn2O4 network lowers the magnetic momentum and eg occupancy and favors the overlap between TM eg and O 2p orbitals. Experimental results demonstrate that the eg occupancy-dependent catalytic activity and pathway originate from its cascade effect on PMS binding, decomposition, and radical desorption. Zn–Co–Mn with optimized eg occupancy exhibits favorable PMS binding strength, interaction capability, radical desorption, and pollutant degradation. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and density functional theory (DFT) corroborate the critical role of eg in PMS affinity. In addition, the ZnCoMnO4/PMS system shows high selectivity for carbamazepine (CBZ, 0.275 min–1) and environmental robustness. The surface active complex PMS, the peroxymonosulfate radical, and the sulfate radical are identified as reactive species. This work provides an intrinsic mechanism behind pollutant degradation and offers guidance for performance enhancement in a water environment.

摘要 : As an essential characterization, size distribution is an important indicator for the synthesis, optimization, and application of nanoparticles. Electron microscopes such as transmission electron microscopes (TEMs) are commonly utilized to collect size information on nanoparticles. However, the current popular statistical method of manually measuring large particles one by one, using a ruler tool in the corresponding image analysis software is time-consuming and can introduce manual errors. Moreover, it is difficult to determine the measurement interval for irregularly shaped nanoparticles. Therefore, it is necessary to use an efficient and standard method to perform size distribution analysis of nanoparticles. In this work, we use basic ImageJ software (1.53 t) to analyze the size of typical silica nanoparticles in a TEM image and use Origin software to process the data, to obtain its accurate distribution quickly. Using it as a template, we believe that this work can provide a paradigm for the standardized analysis of nanoparticle size.